阅读理解在各级各类英语测试中，尤其在全国中学生英语能力竞赛中占有相当重要的地位。竞赛中的阅读理解共30分，占试卷总分的五分之一。因此，各位参赛者对这道大题应引起足够的重视。
从考查形式上看，竞赛中的阅读理解题分为两大类：客观题（选择题）和主观题（非选择题）。
A）客观题。该题型的设计方式是：在短文或图文、图表材料后给出若干个不完整的句子或若干个根据各类材料内容提出的问题，要求学生在正确理解材料内容的基础上，从每题所给的四个备选项中选出一个正确答案。请看例题：
（A）
London has a population of about 7，000，000．From about 1800 until World War II，London was the biggest city in the world，but now there are many cities which are much bigger．
London is famous for many things．Tourists come from all over the world to visit its famous buildings and hear the famous clock，Big Ben．
Like many big cities，London has problems with traffic and pollution．Over 1，000，000 people a day use the London underground，but there are still too many cars on the streets．The air isn't clean，but it is cleaner than it was 100 years ago．
For me，the best things about London are the parks．There are five in the city centre．But my children's favourite place is Hamleys，the biggest toy shop in the world！
Choose the best answers．
1．What's the Chinese for“population”in this passage？
A．污染 B．人口 C．车辆 D．流行
2．When was London the biggest city in the world？
A．Over sixty years ago．B．In 1950．
C．About 1800 years ago．D．In the 21st century．
3．What's Big Ben in London？
A．It's children's favourite toy shop．B．It's the best park in the city centre．
C．It's a famous clock．D．It's a nice museum．
4．How many people use the London underground every day？
A．7，000，000．B．More than 1，000，000．
C．100，000 D．1800．
5．How was the air in London one hundred years ago？
A．It was much cleaner．B．It was the same．
C．It was the cleanest．D．It was dirtier than it is now．
答案及分析：
本文简要交待了London这个世界大都市的历史，重点介绍了London现在的情况：人口（population）众多，交通拥挤，游人不断，污染（pollution）比较严重……
1．B。文章第一句已交待出，伦敦现在约有七百多万人口。
2．A。根据常识，第二次世界大战（World War Two）于1939年爆发，1945年才结束。从战争爆发到现在有60多年了，故答案选A。
3．C。Big Ben（大本钟）是安装在英国议会大厦上的那只大钟，这个钟原来是由一个名叫Benjamin Hall的机械师负责设计制造的。后来人们就以他的名字称这个钟为Big Ben。
4．B。本题问每天使用伦敦地铁的人数。原文说有over 1，000，000 people，over在这里就是more than之意。
5．D。本题问100年前伦敦的空气污染情况。原文第3段最后一句说，现在伦敦的空气比100年前要干净。换句话说就是：100年前伦敦的空气比现在要脏。dirtier是dirty（脏）的比较级。
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