《初中英语教学大纲》常用交流用语30项中的用语简介
1.问候语 GREetings
(1)用于熟人之间打招呼的用语,Hello有非正式的问候的意思:
Hello!Hi!
(2)比较常见的正式问候语,但有时段的区别限制:
Good morning /afternoon /evening /night!/Morning...etc!有时可省略Good。
(3)初次见面时的问候用语:
How do you do?答句也要用How do you do?
(4)比较熟悉的人之间就健康状况而进行的礼节性的问候,并不是真正要询问对方的健康状况:
How are you?一般用I'm fine /very well /OK /all right,thank you.And you?来回答。
(5)熟人之间,在打招呼之后要继续深谈时的用语。
Are you well?/Are you all right?/What's the matter?
2.介绍与打招呼 Introduction and GREetings
(1)当和陌生人见面,向对方做自我介绍时的用语:
I'm Peter./My name is Gao Hui.Your name,please?/I'm a student(worker).
(2)向别人介绍一个人的用语:
This is James Smith./This is my teacher,Miss Gao.
一般把年轻人或地位低的人介绍给年长者或地位高的人,或把男士介绍给女士,应在姓氏之前加上Mr(男士)、Mrs(女士)、Miss(未婚的女性)、Ms(不明婚姻状况的女性)。
(3)和别人见面时表示客气的用语:
Nice to meet you.答句也用Nice to meet you,too.
(4)打电话时所做的自我介绍:
Hello!John here./Hello!Betty is speaking.
3.告别Farewells
(1)用于客人向主人告别时:
I'm afraid we have to go now./I think it's time for me to leave now.
(2)用在比较正式的场合:
Goodbye!/See you later /soon /tomorrow!
(3)非正式场合或亲友、熟人、朋友之间告别时的用语:
See you!/Bye!/Bye-bye!
(4)含有下一次约会的告别用语:
See you here at two.
4.打电话 Making telephone calls
(1)Hello!7-5-4-double 6-2,London.
Hello.May /Could I speak to Jim,please?
I'd like to speaking to Jim,please.
(2)Hold on(=A moment),please.
Can I take a message for you?
(3)I'm calling to tell /ask you...
(4)Goodbye.
5.感谢和应答 Thanks and responses
(1)表示感谢时的用语:
Thank you./Thank you very much./Thanks./Thanks a lot./ Many thanks.
(2)听到别人表示感谢时,用来表示客气地答复:
Thanks for..../It's very kind of you./Not at all./That's OK./all right./You're welcome./It's a pleasure./My pleasure.
6.祝愿、祝贺和应答 Good wishes,congratulations and responses
(1)向对方表示祝愿时的用语:
Good luck!/All the best./Have a good /nice time./Good luck in the exams!
(2)表示对别人所取得的胜利、成果的祝贺:
Congratulations!/Well done!
(3)对别人的祝福、祝贺等表示感谢:
Thank you.
(4)对节日祝福的用语:
Happy New Year!/Merry Christmas!/Have a good Spring Festival!
(5)祝贺生日的用语:
Happy birthday to you!
7.意愿和应答 Intentions and responses
(1)用来表达自己的愿意、想要做什么以及对他人的祝福:
I'm going to pick apples./I'd like you to meet my parents,too./I want to take some books to the classroom./I hope to see you soon./I hope you have a good time.?
(2)用来表达自己不想做什么:
I'm afraid I can't./I'm sorry I can't./I'm sorry,it's impossible.
8.道歉和应答 Apologies and responses
(1)表示事后的歉意,如迟到、打扰他人或失约等:
I'm sorry./Sorry./I'm sorry to trouble you.
(2)向别人请求帮助、问路、借东西、询问某一事情、打断他人、发表不同的意见等的用语:
Excuse me!
(3)在没有听清对方的讲话,请求再重复一遍时的用语:
Pardon?/(I)beg your pardon?(注意要用升调)
(4)对别人表示道歉时的答句:
That's all right./Not at all./It doesn't matter./That's nothing./ Never mind.
9.遗憾和同情 ReGREts and sympathy
表示对别人的同情和安慰,也可以用来表达分担别人的不幸或忧愁:
What a pity!/I'm sorry to hear that./Bad luck!/It's a bad thing!
10.邀请和应答 Invitations and responses
(1)向对方提出邀请时的用语:
Will you come to...?/Would you like to come?/Do you want a go?/Why not join us?/I'd very much like you to our party.
(2)应允别人的邀请时的用语:
Yes,I'd love to.../Yes,it's very kind /nice of you./I'd like nothing better./I won't say no.
(3)委婉地谢绝别人的邀请:
I'd love to,but.../I'd better not.