131．until prep．＆conj．＝up to the time when；up to a certain time；意指“直到……为止”。例如：We can't go until Thursday．我们要到星期四才能去。I couldn't sew until I was six．我直到六岁时才会用针缝东西。He didn't go home until he finished his homework．他直到做完作业才回家。Go straight along this road until you come to a bridge．一直往前走直到桥上。until作连词时，如主句是将来时，从句用一般现在时。如：I'll wait until she comes．我将等到她来。
132．useful adj．＝helpful；意为“有用的，有益的”。例如：You have already done something useful to improve the environment．你已经为改善环境做了一些有益的事情。The book is very useful to me．这本书对我很有益。
在英语中，修饰不定代词somebody，someone，something，anybody，anyone，anything，nobody，nothing，everything，everybody等的形容词、不定式短语等，要放在不定代词的后面。例如：
There's nothing wrong with your computer．你的计算机没有什么问题。
I didn't find anything to eat there．我在那里没有找到任何吃的东西。
Do you have anything important to tell me？你有重要事情要告诉我吗？
试比较：
She wants to tell us interesting something．（误）
She wants to tell us something interesting．（正）
The doctor found strange nothing in the room．（误）
The doctor found nothing strange in the room．（正）
133．wait vi．＝stay until someone comes or sth．happens；意指“等，等待”。例如：
I'm waiting for James to arrive．我正等着詹姆斯的到来。I bought a paper and waited for the train．我买了一张报纸就等火车了。Please wait a minute．请等一会儿。We waited to see what would happen．我们等着看会发生什么事。I am sorry to have kept you waiting．很抱歉让你久等了。
134．warm adj．①＝a little hot；having pleasant heat；that can keep out cold；able to keep in heat；意为“暖和的，温暖的”。例如：warm clothes保暖的衣服。She sat in the warm sunshine．她坐在暖和的阳光下。It is getting warmer day by day．天气一天比一天暖和了。Put your warmest clothes on before you go out in the snow．下雪天出去时要穿最暖和的衣服。②＝showing good feeling；hearty；意指“热烈的，热情的”。例如：a warm welcome热烈的欢迎。They received a warm welcome in the factory．他们在那个工厂受到了热烈的欢迎。
135．waste（1）n．①＝waste material；refuse；意指“废物；垃圾；污水”。例如：The waste from the factory was taken away in trucks．工厂的废料被装在大卡车里运走。②＝throwing away sth．good；a wrong use；意指“浪费”。例如：It's a waste of time to wait any longer．再等下去是白费时间。Waste of food is wicked．糟蹋粮食是不道德的。It is a waste to throw away good food．把好的食物扔掉是浪费。
（2）vt．＆vi．＝make poor use of；意指“浪费”。例如：Don't waste your time playing．不要把时间浪费在玩耍上。It's wrong to waste food．浪费食物是错误的。He wasted his time upon（or on）useless things．他为无用的事物而浪费时间。You are wasting your breath．你是在徒费口舌。
（3）adj．＝that you do not want；not useful；意指“废弃的；无用的”。例如：waste paper废纸；waste pipes排废水管。Don't throw the waste water into the river．不要把废水排入河中。
136．when（1）adv．＝at what time；意指“什么时候，何时”。例如： When will we leave？我们什么时候离开？When do you think he will be back？你认为他何时将回来？I don't know when that happened．我不知道那是什么时候发生的。I wonder when to meet我想知道何时见面。
（2）conj．＝at the time；during the time；意为“当……时；一……就……”。例如：
When I was young，I was sick all the time．在我小时候，我总是生病。I'll call you when I get there．我一到那里就给你打电话。It was raining when we arrived．我们到的时候，天正在下雨。
137．wind n．＝air that moves；意为“风”。例如：A cold wind blew from the northwest．冷风从西北方向吹来。A warm gentle wind is blowing from the east．温暖的微风从东方徐徐吹来。
说明风的强度时可用much，little，strong等词修饰。说明风的种类时或指一阵阵地风时可用其复数形式。如：Cold winds were blowing from the north．阵阵寒风从北方吹来。a high wind强风，a strong wind强风，a head wind逆风，a fair wind顺风，a light／soft wind微风。
138．wish（1）vt．＆vi． ＝want or desire sth．；want sth．impossible or unlikely；hope that sth．will happen to sb．；意为“希望，想要；祝愿”。例如：I wish we had a car．我希望我们有一辆车。Do you wish to go？你想要去吗？I wish you a very happy future．祝你一生幸福。I wish I were 30 years younger．我但愿自己能年轻三十岁。I wish you a pleasant journey．祝你旅途愉快。
（2）n．＝what you want or desire；wanting；an expression of desire for another's health，success，etc．意为“愿望，希望，想要；祝愿”。例如： I have no wish to go．我不想去。He has a wish to go abroad．他打算出国。My wish has come true．我的愿望实现了。Give my best wishes to your father．向你父亲问好。
常见句型如下：
①wish ＋to do sth．希望做某事：I wish to visit the pyramid some day．我希望有一天去参观金字塔。
②wish sb．to do sth．希望某人做某事：His father wishes him to be a musican in the future．他父亲希望他将来成为一名音乐家。
③wish＋sb．＋n．／adj．用于表示祝愿的交际用语，常用于较正式的场合，对于这类祝愿可用Thank you回答以示感谢。如：I wish you all the happiness ／luck ／success ／a happy birthday ／New Year．祝你幸福／好运／成功／生日快乐／新年快乐。I wish you every success in the future．祝你万事如意。I wish you happy ／well ／safe on the journey．祝你幸福／健康／一路平安。
④wish＋that＋clause表示“但愿”“希望”。从句中谓语动词常用过去式或过去完成式。如：I wish you could fly back to me！但愿你能飞回我身边！（事实上不可能）。
I wish you had told me earlier．你早些告诉我就好了。（事实上没有早些告诉我。）
