完形填空是在一篇或两篇难度适中的短文中留出20个空白处,要求考生能根据短文所提供的信息,在各自空白处填写一个恰当的单词或给出多于20个选项供选择,使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
完形填空综合测试考生的阅读理解和文意重建能力。其涉及的知识面广,综合性强,语法覆盖面大,故最能反映出考生的英语水平,尤其是考生综合运用语言的能力和分析判断能力。
完形填空属于语篇理解,因此考生首先要通读全文,掌握文章的中心意思,理清文章的脉络和细节,然后试填。试填时要对上下文进行周密的思考,遵循整体理解、由易到难的原则答题,不能确定的空格先跳过去,千万不要边看边填。然后进行第二次补填。填完后的短文读起来应连贯、流畅、符合逻辑。
从近年能力竞赛试题和高考题看,完形填空重点考查考生对文章大意的理解以及对词语的辨析能力、对固定词组搭配和习惯用语的理解和运用能力等。根据近年完形填空的试题特点,建议考生在做完形填空题是注意运用以下技巧。
1.顺理推断:即顺着文章的文理脉络进行推断。需要运用这种技巧解答的试题约占完形填空试题总量的40%。
2.逆转判断:看完全文后,抓住文章的基本内容和中心大意,分析文字结构,然后从后向前返回确定答案。需要运用这种技巧解答的试题在大约占完形填空试题总量的40%。
3.结构判断:考虑文章的篇章、段落和句子的结构,然后根据句子的结构特点以及所缺词的语法成分,推断试题的答案。
4.关系判断:根据段与段、句与句、词与词之间的相互关系进行推断,然后确定答案。
5.搭配判断:根据词汇间的常见搭配或习惯搭配推断试题的答案。
6.常识判断:根据中学生应掌握的基本常识推断试题答案。
题型一
阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
People of Burlington are being disturbed by the sound of bells. Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the 1 and have made up their minds to 2 the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest against heavy trucks which run 3 through the narrow High Street.
“They not only make it 4 to sleep at night， but they are
5 damage to our houses and shops of historical 6 ，” said John Norris， one of the protesters.
“ 7 we must have these noisy trucks on the roads，” said Jean
Lacey， a biology student，“why don’t they build a new road that goes
8 the town? Burlington isn’t much more than a 9 village. Its streets were never 10 for heavy traffic.”
Harry Fields also studying 11 said they wanted to make as much 12 as possible to force the 13 to realize what everybody was having to 14 . “Most of them don’t 15 here anyway，” he said，“they come in for meetings and that， and the town Hall is soundproof， 16 they probably don’t 17 the noise all that much. It’s high time they realized the 18 .”
The fourth student， Liza Vernum， said she thought the public were 19 on their side， and even if they weren’t，they soon would be.
20 asked if they were 21 that the police might come to 22 them.
“Not really，” she said，“actually we are 23 bell-ringers. I mean we are assistant bell-ringers for the church. There is no 24 against practising.”
I 25 the church with the sound of the bells ringing in my ears.
1.A.college B.village C.town D.church
2.A.change B.repair C.ring D.shake
3.A.now and then B.day and night
C.up and down D.over and over
4.A.terrible B.difficult
C.uncomfortable D.unpleasant
5.A.doing B.raising C.putting D.producing
6.A.scene B.period C.interest D.sense
7.A.If B.Although C.When D.Unless
8.A.to B.through C.over D.round
9.A.pretty B.quite C.large D.modern
10.A.tested B.meant C.kept D.used
11.A.well B.hard C.biology D.education
12.A.effort B.time C.trouble D.noise
13.A.townspeople B.other students
C.government officials D.truck drivers
14.A.stand B.accept C.know D.share
15.A.shop B.live C.come D.study
16.A.but B.so C.or D.for
17.A.notice B.mention C.fear D.control
18.A.event B.loss C.action D.problem
19.A.hardly B.unwillingly C.mostly D.usually
20.A.I B.We C.She D.They
21.A.surprised B.afraid C.pleased D.determined
22.A.seize B.fight C.search D.stop
23.A.proper B.experienced C.hopeful D.serious
24.A.point B.cause C.need D.law
25.A.left B.found C.reached D.passed
1.逆转判断。此题只有读到文章的倒数第二段才能确定答案是D。该段有I mean we are assistant bell-ringers for the church.一句,句中明确指出是教堂的钟。
2.逆转判断。以下文内容可以看出,这四个学生不停地撞钟两个星期来抗议交通给小镇带来的噪音污染。答案是C。
3.逆转判断。由第四段叙述的政府官员晚上不在这儿住,白天在隔音的镇政大厅里开会,所以他们不受噪音的干扰,可以看出噪音是day and night 在干扰居民。
4.噪音大到民众公开抗议,可见已大到难以入睡,答案是B。
5.搭配判断。噪音不但影响居民休息,而且还对古代建筑造成破坏。答案是A, do damage to 意为“对……造成破坏”。
6.关系判断。由historical 可知应选C, of interest 意为“有……价值的”。
7.关系判断。通读全段,知本句表达的是假设关系,答案是A。
8.常识判断。上文提及公路通过此镇而造成噪音污染,结合常识,让公路远离市镇即可远离噪音,答案是D。
9.逆转判断。结合下句考虑该镇只不过是个大村子,即言其小。答案是C.
10.顺承判断。因镇子小,街道不是针对车辆设计的。答案是B, mean 意为“打算,设计”。
11.顺承判断。由上段中的a biology student 及末句中的also 可确定C为最佳答案。
12.顺承判断。由第一段中他们打算连续不停地撞钟两周可确定D为最佳答案。
13.逆转判断。由下文的they are in for meetings and that， and the town Hall is soundproof .可确定是使镇上的官员们认识到噪音的严重性。答案是 C。
14.关系判断。答案是A,stand 意为“忍受”。
15.逆转判断。由下文 的they come in 知官员们不在镇上住。答案是B。
16.顺承判断。因为官员们不住在本镇,他们开会的大厅又是隔音的,因此他们很可能没注意到噪音如此严重。答案是B。
17.顺承判断。答案是A。
18.顺承判断。答案是D。
19.顺承判断。噪音对民众的影响如此之大,他们理应支持这四位学生。再由下句and even if they won’t they soon would be.可确定C为最佳答案。
20.逆转判断。由最后一段,可确定A为最佳答案 。
21.逆转判断。结合全文,尤其是由下面的the police might come 可推断B为最佳答案 。
22.顺承判断。D为最佳答案。
23.逆转判断。由下句I mean we are assistant bell-rings for the church知他们是合法的撞钟者,答案是A。
24.常识判断。答案是D。
25.顺承判断。答案是A。
