四、急于求成,欲速不达。听力理解能力的获得需要一个较长而科学的训练过程,没有人会在很短的时间内就能达到这种能力。垒土成山,汇水成河,这是颠扑不破的真理;走捷径,求速效,结果往往适得其反,事与愿违。因此,听力训练强调持之以恒,强调日积月累,积累才出真功夫。
五、心神不宁,效果不佳。训练听力必须聚精会神,耳到更要心到。听力的核心是理解,要快速准确地理解材料内容,迅速做出反应,一心二用,岂能奏效?要做到心到,在听力训练开始前,要调整好心态,集中注意力,头脑清醒,精神饱满。有一位教育家说得好:“注意力是心灵的窗户,没有它,知识的阳光就照不进来。”实践证明,集中注意力听一遍录音材料,比心不在焉地听几遍要有效得多。
六、临场应试,缺乏技巧。任何技巧都是建立在一定的知识和能力基础之上的,缺乏起码的知识和能力,技巧是不起作用的。就听力测试而言,一个最基本的应试技巧就是,充分利用开考前的几分钟时间,将每题朗读的遍数及答题要求迅速浏览一遍,看一下题干及选项,预测一下所听材料中与题目相关的重要信息。一般说来,“短文理解”较之其它题型难度相对要大些,利用考前几分钟,重点浏览一下这道题每小题的题干和选项,可以预知短文部分内容,确定听的重点。如2002年初二初赛短文理解A题:
21.Whose house was it?
A.It was mine.
B.It was my mother's.
C.It was my grandma's.
D.It was my grandson's.
22.Where was the house?
A.In a large city.
B.In a small town.
C.Near the sea.
D.In the country.
23.How many bedrooms were there in the house?
A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.
24.Why was there always a sunny place to sit in the house?
A.Because there were lots of doors.
B.Because there weren't walls.
C.Because there was a big window in each room.
D.Because the windows were open.
25.What kind of house was it?
A.It was old but big.B.It was small and new.
C.It was big and new.D.It was old but nice.
将5道题浏览一下可知:所听短文主要介绍了一所房子,所听要点是:房子的主人,房子所在地,房子的外形及内部构造等。有了初步印象之后,再去听短文,就更容易集中注意力,不会错过重要信息。