三、句子的语调
说话时声音或升或降,有高有低,这种变化就叫语调。语调可分为降调、升调和降升调。
降调表示肯定的语气和句意完整。故此,陈述句、祈使句、特殊疑问句和感叹句通常使用降调。例如:
I don't like English at all.
Let's go to see the movie tonight.
Where were you last Sunday?
How beautiful these flowers are!
升调表示说话人的语气不肯定和句意不完整,使用升调的句子主要为一般疑问句。例如:
Are you free tomorrow?
升调还可表示怀疑、犹豫、请求、道歉、责怪和勉强让步以及向对方提出建议和打招呼等语气。故此,某些陈述句、特殊疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、呼语、问候语、告别语也会使用升调。但这时与使用降调的句子表意不同,多有特殊的表意,一定要仔细体会。例如:
There are apples,pears,bananas and mangoes.(列举事物)
I have no idea whether he'll come or not.(疑惑)
I thought everything would be all right.(安慰)
What do you want? (请对方重复)
How could you say such a thing? (责怪,但语气较缓和)
Take a seat.(请求)
In you go! (诙谐、亲热)
That's all right.(表示安慰、理解)
降升调表示肯定中有保留、有让步或暗含之意,即:“话里有话”,说话人是通过语调来表示“言外之意”的。
降升调用在陈述句中表示有隐含之意。例如:
I can't do it now.我现在不能做这件事。(含义:也许以后能做)
降升调用在回答或应答中,表示不同意以及反驳,但语气较缓和。例如:
“Is she coming on Monday?" “On Tuesday."
“I'll probably fail in my driving test." “No,you won't."
降升调可用来表示警告。例如:
Don't be too sure.
I'm sure you've made a mistake.
降升调可用于表示鼓励或安慰对方。例如:
Come on,tell me all the truth.
说话时声音或升或降,有高有低,这种变化就叫语调。语调可分为降调、升调和降升调。
降调表示肯定的语气和句意完整。故此,陈述句、祈使句、特殊疑问句和感叹句通常使用降调。例如:
I don't like English at all.
Let's go to see the movie tonight.
Where were you last Sunday?
How beautiful these flowers are!
升调表示说话人的语气不肯定和句意不完整,使用升调的句子主要为一般疑问句。例如:
Are you free tomorrow?
升调还可表示怀疑、犹豫、请求、道歉、责怪和勉强让步以及向对方提出建议和打招呼等语气。故此,某些陈述句、特殊疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、呼语、问候语、告别语也会使用升调。但这时与使用降调的句子表意不同,多有特殊的表意,一定要仔细体会。例如:
There are apples,pears,bananas and mangoes.(列举事物)
I have no idea whether he'll come or not.(疑惑)
I thought everything would be all right.(安慰)
What do you want? (请对方重复)
How could you say such a thing? (责怪,但语气较缓和)
Take a seat.(请求)
In you go! (诙谐、亲热)
That's all right.(表示安慰、理解)
降升调表示肯定中有保留、有让步或暗含之意,即:“话里有话”,说话人是通过语调来表示“言外之意”的。
降升调用在陈述句中表示有隐含之意。例如:
I can't do it now.我现在不能做这件事。(含义:也许以后能做)
降升调用在回答或应答中,表示不同意以及反驳,但语气较缓和。例如:
“Is she coming on Monday?" “On Tuesday."
“I'll probably fail in my driving test." “No,you won't."
降升调可用来表示警告。例如:
Don't be too sure.
I'm sure you've made a mistake.
降升调可用于表示鼓励或安慰对方。例如:
Come on,tell me all the truth.
