搞好汉译英篇章翻译，首先要考虑文体特点、整体与局部、宏观与微观的关系；其次，采用灵活的方法，力求内容与形式的辩证统一；此外，还要学会使用标点符号。仅就译法而言，主要有下面几种：
一、直译
直译能够保留原文的文化特征，丰富译文的表达手段。例如：
1、“心里正在想着他，他就来了！”秦守本搓着手说。
“说曹操曹操到！”熟悉戏文的安兆丰接着说。
“I was just thinking about him and here he is！”said Chin Shou-pen，rubbing his hands together．
“Talk of Tsao and he is sure to appear！”added An Chao-feng，who knew all the operas．
译文没有沿用意义相当的英语成语talk ofthe devil and he is sure to appear，而是根据上下文的需要采取了直译。又如：
2、任何一个人都要人支持。一个好汉也要三个帮，一个篱笆也要三个桩。荷花虽好，也要绿叶扶持。这是中国的成语。
Everyone needs support．An able fellow needs the help of three other people，a fence needs the support of three stakes．With all its beauty the lotus needs the GREen of its leaves to set it off．These are Chinese proverbs．
二、意译
在直译不能被读者理解时，或不能准确传达原文的文化意义时，要采用意译法。例如：
1、苏联过去把斯大林捧得一万丈高的人，现在一下子把他贬到地下九千尺。我们国内也有人跟着转。中央认为斯大林是三分错误，七分成绩，总起来还是一个伟大的马克思主义者，……（《毛泽东选集》第五卷）
In the Soviet Union，those who once extolled Stalin to the skies have now in one swoop consigned him to purga- tory．Here in China some people are following their exam- ple．It is the opinion of the Central Committee that Stalin's mistakes amounted to only 30percent of the whole and his achievements to 70percent，and that all things considered Stalin was nonetheless a GREat Marxist．
原文中“一万丈”和“九千尺”如果采取直译，必然会使读者感到不解。又如：
2、那些卖酒的青帘高扬，卖茶的红碳满炉，仕女游人，络绎不绝，真不数“三十六家花酒店，七十二座管弦楼。”（《儒林外史》）
Dark trade-signs flutter above the wine shops ，and red charcoal glows in the tea-house stoves，while men and women stream by，on pleasure bent，to throng the countless taverns and music hall．（Tr．Yang Xianyi ＆Gladys Yang）
原文中“三十六”和“七十二”如果直译，就失去了原作的文化意义。
三、直、意参半
在不少情况下，需要采用直译和意译相结合的做法。这样做既能保留原有形象，传达原文的特有色彩，又易于被读者接受。例如：
中国还有一句成语，三个臭皮匠，合成一个诸葛亮。单独的一个诸葛亮总是不完全的，总是有缺陷的。（《毛泽东选集》）
Still another Chinese proverb says three cobblers with their wits combined equal Chukeh Liang the master mind．Chukeh Liang by himself can never be perfect，he has his limitation．
再如：
位于市区西北的西湖公园，曾被辛弃疾赞曰：“烟雨偏宜晴更好，约略西施未嫁。”
The West Lake Park in the northwest of the city was praised by a famous poet Xin Qiji as ，“Mists and rains will enhance its elegance but sunshine is the best．Its grace can be compared to Xi Shi the beauty before she was wedded．”
译文采用直译、意译结合的译法，对形象部分直译，保留了形象；喻义采用意译，恰当贴切，与上下文结合自然，成功地保留了原文的文化特征，且易于读者理解。
四、注释法
注释法可以全面、充分地介绍相关的文化背景知识，有时还可以解决一些难以处理的修辞问题。例如：
要放开，需要有充分的说服，而且要有一种相当的压力，就是公开号召，开许多会，将起军来，“逼上梁山”。（《毛泽东选集》）
To make them let people air views freely calls for plenty of persuasion and，what is more，considerable pres- sure，that is，issuing an open call and holding many meetings，so that they find themselves checkmated and“driven to join the Liangshan Mountain rebels”．
Note：Liangshan Mountain in Shandong Province was a rebel peasant base in the Song Dynasty．Most of the rebel leaders in the classical novel Water Margin were forced to take refuge on Liangshan Mountain as a result of oppression by the authorities or despotic landlords．The expression“driven to join the Liangshan rebels”has since come to mean that one is forced to do something under pressure．
在翻译实践中，究竟采用哪种译法，要根据篇章的文体特点、修辞手法以及上下文的要求，灵活处理，尽可能充分地传达原文的思想内容，保持原文的特有情调。
