“分隔现象”即是用各类短语、各种从句或插入成分将两个原来在语法关系上甚为密切的句子成分隔开的现象。“分隔现象”在很大程度上增加了对句子的理解难度。现将近年高考题对“分隔现象”的考查小结如下:
一、主谓语被分隔
主谓语被分隔的现象,通常应注意句子主谓一致的情况 。例如:
E-mail, as well as telephones, ______ an important part in daily communication.
A. is playing B. have played
C. are playing D. play
【考例分析】句子主语E-mail与谓语动词被as well as telephones分隔,认清句子结构便可迅速选择单数谓语动词is playing。
二、复合谓语被分隔
复合谓语被分隔指谓语部分的助动词、系动词或情态动词与主要动词被分隔的现象。例如:
An awful accident______, however, occur the other day.
A. does B. did C. has to D. had to
【考例分析】句中the other day相当于a few days ago,多用于过去时态,排除A、C,句意为“然而,几天前一起恶性事故的确发生了”,同时排除表示“不得不”的D项。复合谓语did occur被however分隔,故选B。
三、同位语从句的中心名词与从句被其它成分分隔
同位语从句的中心名词常可跟一些后置修饰成分,从而与从句形成被分隔的现象;有时为了平衡句式,中心名词作主语时直接跟谓语动词,也形成与从句被分隔的现象。例如:
1.There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars______ road conditions need______.
A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improved
C. where;improving D. when; improving
2. Information has been put forward______ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A. while B. that C. when D. as
【考例分析】句1的中心名词problem与同位语从句被过去分词短语involved in the popularity of private cars分隔, 从句中不缺任何成分,故答案为A。句2中作主语的中心名词Information与同位语从句被谓语has been put forward分隔,由于从句中不缺任何成分,故答案为B。
四、定语从句的先行词与从句被其它成分分隔
定语从句的先行词与从句之间常被其它成分分隔,此时,要注意确定被修饰的先行词。例如:
1. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year,______ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.
A. that B. while C. which D. when
2. The film brought the hours back to me______ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.
A. until B. that C. when D. where
【考例分析】句1的先行词是moment 而不是this year,且在从句中作状语,故选D。 句2的先行词是the hours,且在从句中作状语,故选C。
五、作后置修饰语的分词与被修饰的名词被其它成分分隔
例如:
When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door______ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”
A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading
【考例分析】名词message, sign, letter等后常可跟reading, saying, telling等这类现在分词作后置定语,句中的reading...被pinned to the door分隔,故选D。
六、非限制性定语从句的引导词与从句被插入语分隔
例如:
1. Carol said the work would be done by October,______ personally I doubt very much.
A. it B. that C. when D. which
2. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play,______, of course, made the others unhappy.
A. who B. which C. this D. what
【考例分析】句1中引导词与从句被插入语personally分隔,且从句中缺少宾语,故选D。句2中引导词与从句被插入语of course分隔,且从句中缺少指代整个主句内容的主语,故选B。
七、固定短语被分隔
固定短语常可被其它成分分隔。例如:
Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to______ some schools for poor children.
A. set up B. setting up
C. have set up D. having set up
【考例分析】句中出现的固定短语devote ... to...被定语从句he had分隔,因为to是介词,其后的动词用-ing形式,故选B。
不错
