三、我们该如何备考呢？
（一）选择合适的解题方法
做阅读理解题通常用到两种方法：
1.顺序法
考生首先快速阅读短文，了解文章的大意和主要情节，然后细读题干和选项，接着再细读一篇短文，最后又细读题干和选项选出最佳答案。虽所需时间较多但解题正确率最高。特别适合于推理判断题和推测作者的观点、态度、意图题。因为这些题型必须在上升到篇章结构理解的层面上，才能准确确定答案。
2.倒序法
倒序法又称逆向阅读。它是指在解阅读理解题的过程中，从文章后的设题入手带着问题进行阅读。先读文章后的问题，弄清其要点，在问题的引导下有的放矢地阅读文章，有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、辨别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。这样做有利于尽快地理解文章，捕捉信息，从而有助于解题。这种方法适用于事实细节题，尤其是快速寻找信息题，特别适用于功能性阅读，如图形表格类、广告类、查词典等。
逆向阅读是逆向带问题导读，和常规顺序法阅读相比较，其优势是显而易见的：
1）直接反馈 把所要明确的信息反馈到文章中指导阅读要比先读文章再做题，甚至在做题过程中再去读文章更直接明了。
2）迅速快捷 常规阅读的方式是：文章→答案→文章→确认。而逆向阅读则只需"答案→文章→确认"三个过程。因此，后者更能迅速地搜索到所需寻求的信息。例如：
After leaving elementary school, American children go to ____ for three years.
A.primary school B.nursery school C.senior high school D.junior high school
...After they leave elementary school, children go to junior high school for three years and senior high school for another three years.
在阅读要求的提示下，读者能迅速在把握住继续上哪一级学校的信息，从而在文中能立即找到答案（D）。
3）针对性强 逆向阅读还具有针对性强的特点。即：文后的问题是什么，文中某部分甚至某句叙述的内容是什么，只要针对两个"什么"进行具体阅读，就能够快而准地找到答案。文后的问题呈现的语境命题信息一旦在文段中出现并使读者受到相关信息的刺激，那么针对性强的特征就显得十分明显。
4）目的明确 常规阅读极易使人在阅读过程中随时都要考虑所阅读的某部分内容材料是否属答题范畴，影响分析判断文章的思路。逆向导读则能做到心中有数。请看下面的例子：
In order to solve the racial problem, the Supreme Court ordered that the southern educational authorities should integrate their schools for the white with the schools for the ____.
A.in 1936 B.in 1945 C.in 1940 D.in 1950
...in 1945,the Supreme Court decided that the whole system of separate education in the South...,...should integrate their schools for the white with the schools for the black.
此例说明了读者只需在明确是哪一年决定的黑人和白人兼容于一所学校的目的后，由这个明确的观念导入文章内容(in 1945)即可确定答案（B）。这篇短文中，前前后后出现了几个年代，如按常规阅读时间极易混淆。
（二）学会基本的理解技巧
首先要学会抓大意。寻找主题句这是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。通常用演绎法撰写的文章，大都遵循从一般到个别的写作程序，即从概述开始，随之辅以细说。这时，主题句就是文章的第一句。主题句多数情况下出现在文章的开头。用归纳法撰写的文章，都是表述细节的句子在前，概述性的句子居后。此时主题句就是文章的最后一句。
其次要学会理结构。文章绝不是互不相干的句子杂乱无章的堆砌。作者为文，有脉可循。如叙述文多以人物为中心，以时间或空间为线索，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开故事；论述体则包含论点、论据、结论三大要素，通过解释、举例来阐述观点。你可根据文章的特点，详读细节，以时间、地点、事件、因果等为线索，找出关键词语，运用"画图列表法"，勾画出一幅完整清晰的文章主题和细节的认知图。
例题：
In the early part of the twentieth century, racism was widespread in the United States. Many African Americans were not given equal opportunities in education or employment. Marian Anderson(1897-1993)was an African American woman who gained fame as a concert singer in this climate of racism. She was born in Philadelphia and sang in church choirs during her childhood. When she applied for admission to a local music school in 1917, she was turned down because she was black. Unable to attend music school, she began her career as a singer for church gatherings. In 1929, she went to Europe to study voice and spent several years performing there. Her voice was widely praised through out Europe.
Then she returned to the U.S. in 1935 and became a top concert singer after performing at Town Hall in New York City.
Racism again affected Anderson in 1939.When it was arranged for her to sing at Constitution Hall in Washington D.C., the Daughters of the American Revolution opposed it because of her color. She sang instead at the Lincoln Memorial for over 75,000 people. In 1955, Anderson became the first black soloist to sing with the Metropolitan Opera of New York City. The famous conductor Toscanini praised her voice as"heard only once in a hundred years."She was a U.S. delegate to the United Nations in 1958 and won the UN peace prize in 1977. Anderson eventually triumphed over racism.
解析：这是一篇人物介绍，最后一句话是主题句：Anderson eventually triumphed over racism.大意是Anderson通过自己的不懈努力和精湛的演唱艺术终于战胜了种族主义。短文按时间线索来叙述。
（三）养成良好的阅读习惯
良好的阅读习惯有：
1.养成默读习惯，使注意力集中在文字符号上，纠正唇读、心读、喉读等做法，以免分散精力，影响阅读速度。
2.克服指读、回视、重读等不良习惯，因为这样容易使理解只停留在某个词或句子上，使获得的信息支离破碎。要善于抓住句子中的核心词，从一个句子快速地扫视到另一个句子，进行连贯性理解。
英语阅读能力的培养是一个渐进的复杂过程，要养成每天阅读英语的习惯，循序渐进，持之以恒，精泛结合，广泛猎奇。在潜移默化之中，你会感觉到你的阅读能力又有了进一步的提高。
