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[初一] 词汇专项讲与练(一)

[日期:2007-04-24]   [字体: ]

词汇是英语学习中的一项重要内容。对词汇记忆得纯熟与否,直接影响听、说、读、写、译能力的提高。为了便于同学们记忆,现按词类功能归纳如下:

(一)按词类功能分类归纳

1.名词(n.)

(1)学校及学习用具:school,middle school,classroom,grade,class,row,black-board,desk,chair,map,picture,book,pen,pencil,eraser,pencil-box,ruler,bag,school- bag,English,sharpener,computer,keyboard,mouse

(2)称谓、人物:Mr,Mrs,Miss,sir,parents,mother,father,mum ,dad,teacher, daughter,son,sister,brother,policeman,baby,girl,boy,child(children),woman(women),man(men),pioneer,Young Pioneer,student,friend,twin,American,class, worker,doctor,husband,wife,uncle,aunt,classmate,people,grandfather,grandpa,grand- mother,grandma

(3)房间:house,home,playhouse,room,bed,bedroom ,floor,wall,window,door, washroom

(4)生活用品:clock,box,cup,glass,licence,table,light,broom,thing,line,purse, ID,phone,money

(5)交通工具:bike,bus,jeep,car,boat

(6)饮食:egg,cake,pear,apple,banana,orange

(7)服装:clothes,skirt,shirt,blouse,coat,dress,sweater,shoe,sock,trousers,hat, cap,glove,raincoat

(8)游戏、运动:game,ball,football,kite,ping-pong

(9)自然:water,hill,river,tree,way,sky,flower,SAR,Hong Kong,Macao,England

(10)姓名:Sue,Jim,Ann,Bill,Sam,Mike,Lucy,Lily,Kate,Read,GREen,Brown, Smith,Polly,May,Hyde,Joy,David,Tom,King,Hill,Jack,Emma,White,Jeff,Harry, Jean,Helen,John,Sally,Jones,Becky,Nick,Peter,Rose,Mimi

(11)动物:animal,mouse,dog,parrot,sheep,bird,cat

(12)其它:number,name,zero,secret,go,today,thanks,age,morning,afternoon, duty,family,China,colour,photo,work,address,fax,noon

2.冠词(art.)(3个):a,an,the

3.代词(pron.)

(1)人称代词:I,you,he,she,it,we,they,me,him,her,us,them

(2)形容词性物主代词:my,your,his,her,its,our,their

(3)名词性物主代词:mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs

(4)指示代词:this,that,these,those

(5)疑问代词:what,who,whose,which

(6)不定代词:one,everyone,some

4.动词(v.)

(1)连系动词:be(am,are,is)

(2)不及物动词:look,come,go,play,guess,jump

(3)及物动词:spell,know,think,thank,excuse,ask,see,have,put,answer,meet, find,let,colour,help,want,take,worry,get,open,lock,love,count,like

(4)助动词和情态动词:do,don't,can,can't,cannot,must,will

5.形容词(adj.)

new,old,young,Chinese,Japanese,English,sorry,fine,right,good,middle,same, nice,some,red,black,white,blue,orange,GREen,yellow,brown,big,small,light,many, any,grey,glad,dark,purple

6.副词(adv.)

too,yes,no,not,how,very,here,today,where,OK,much,very much,all,all right, there,over there,down,now,about,only,GREat,little,up

7.数词(num.)

one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,four- teen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty,twenty-one,thirty,forty,fifty, sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety,ninety-nine,a(one)hundred

8.介词(prep.)

in,at,on,to,of,like,behind,under,with,near,beside,minus,plus,after

9.感叹词(interj.)

er,hello,ah,goodbye,bye,oh,there,dear,hmm,well,hi,why

10.连词(conj.):and,but,or

(二)常用词组归纳

1.动词词组(10个)

come in进来            come on来吧;跟着来;赶快

have a look看一看      look after照看;照顾

look like看起来像       look at看

look the same看起来很像 put on穿上(衣服);戴上(帽子)

sit down坐下            have a seat坐;就坐

2.介词词组(5个)

at home在家            at school在学校;在上学

at work在工作          in English用英语(表示)

on duty值日

3.习惯表达法(8个)

Here you are!给你。 How are you?您(身体)好吗?

品黄黑MYK How do you do?您好!Nice to meet you.见到您很高兴。

This way,please.请走这边。What about...?……好不好(怎么样)?

Let's go.让我们一起去。Let me see.让我想想看。

4.名词、副词词组(7个)

middle school中学Young Pioneer少先队员

family tree家谱all right好;行;不错

very much很;非常how many多少

over there在那边(指较远处)

5.其它常用表达法

Good morning(afternoon).早上(下午)好。

Glad to meet you.见到你很高兴。

Thank you(very much).(非常)感谢。

Thanks a lot.多谢。Excuse me.劳驾(对不起)。

That's all right.不用谢。That's right.好的;对。

You're welcome.不用谢。

Welcome to China(our school).欢迎来中国(我们学校)。

Goodbye(Bye-bye;Bye)!再见!

What class(grade;row)are you in?你在哪个班(年级;排)?

What's five plus(minus)two?五加(减)二是多少?

How old are you?你多大了?Howmany...?多少……

Is everyone here?都到了吗?Do you know?你知道吗?

Sorry,I don't know.对不起,我不知道。

Come in,please.请进。Sit down,please.请坐。

Please look after them.请照看好他们。

Who's on duty today?今天谁值日?

Let's go.我们走(咱们走吧)。Put them here.把它们放这儿。

Where's Jim ?吉姆在哪儿?Who's that?那是谁?

Can you guess?你能猜着吗?

What can you see...?I can see....你能看见什么……?我能看见……

Canyousee...?你能看见……吗?

Yes,I can.(No,Ican't.)是的,能看见。(不,看不见。)

Which one?哪一个?Colour it GREen.把它染(涂)成绿色。

Whatabout...?……怎么样?

Let me help you find it.让我帮你找到它。

单词的读音与拼写有密切关系,如能记清字母(或字母组合)在单词中的读音规律,做“语音和拼写”题就易如反掌了。

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