[考点一]there be句型的结构
[解析]英语表示“什么地方或时间存在什么人物”,常用“there +be +名词+地点(时间)状语”结构。
这种句子结构中的there是个引导词,本身无词义。系动词be是谓语动词,其后的名词为主语,be与名词必须保持数的一致,句子最后为地点(时间)状语。如:
There is a blackboard on the wall。墙上有块黑板。
There are a lot of desks and chairs in the classroom.教室里有很多桌椅。
如果有两个或更多的主语,谓语常和最接近它的那个主语取得一致。
There is only a table,four chairs and a small bed in the room.房间里只有一个桌子,四把椅子和一张小床。
[模拟小考场]单项选择。
1.There two knives in the pencil-box.
A.is B.am C.be D.are
2.Look!There some water in the bottle.
A.is B.was C.be D.are
3.There an apple and some pears on the table.
A.am B.be C.is D.are
[考点二]there be句型的否定结构
[解析]there be的否定结构有两种方法:
1.一种是将否定副词not加在be之后。如:
There is not a telephone in the room.房间里没有电话。
There aren't any chairs in the room.房间里没有椅子。
There isn't any water in the bottle.瓶子里没有水。
2.另一种是将形容词no放在主语前。如:
There are no clouds in the sky.天上没有云。
There was no water in the pond.池塘里一点水也没有。
[模拟小考场]根据句意用适当的词填空。
1.—Are there pens on the desk?
—There are pens on the desk.
2.There any rulers in the bag.
3.There any bread on the plate.
[考点三]there be句型的疑问结构
[解析]there be变成疑问句时,将系动词 be放在there之前,句子其余部分不变。
There is a map on the wall.
It there a map on the wall?
Yes,there is./No,there is not(isn't).
同样我们可以用这个结构构成另外几种问句。如:
How many classrooms are there in the school?这个学校有多少教室?
Is there going to be just one session(会议) or two?要开一次会还是两次?
There are lots of people like that,aren't there?这样的人很多,对不对?
[模拟小考场]句型转换:根据题后要求变换句型。
1.There are 25 students in the room.(就划线部分提问)
students in the room?
2.There is little water in the bottle, ?(完成反意疑问句)
[考点四]there be句型的时态
[解析]there be句型可以有各种不同时态。如:
There was a meeting yesterday.昨天有一个会。(一般过去时)
There will be a good wheat crop this year.今年小麦将有一个好收成。(一般将来时)
There has been much talk about the matter.关于这件事已经谈论得很多了。(现在完成时)
[模拟题型小考场]汉译英:根据汉语意思完成下列句子。
1.———今晚有会吗?
—是的,有。(不,没有)
— there a meeting tonight?
—Yes, .(No, .)
2.———近日汤姆有信来吗?
———是的,有。(不,没有。)
— there letters from Tom lately?
—Yes, .(No, .)
3.昨天图书馆有很多人。
lots of people in the library yesterday.
[考点五]there be句型中情态动词和助动词的用法
[解析]there be可以和情态动词或助动词连用:
1.今晚可能还有大雨。
There may be another downpour tonight.
2.一定出了什么毛病。
There must be something wrong.
[模拟小考场]汉译英:根据汉语意思完成下列句子。
1.房间里可能有一些桌椅。
There some desks and chairs in the room.
2.不能再浪费时间了。
no more time wasted.
[考点六]there be句型中除用be外,还可用其它动词。
[解析]there be结构中的谓语动词,有时可用seem to be,happen to be等词组,或表示类似“存在”观念的其它动词。如live,come, stand,lie等。如:
1.There happened to be nobody in the room then.恰好那时候房间里没有人。
2.There seems to be some misunderstanding about the matter.对于这个问题似乎存在着误解。
3.Once upon a time there lived a king in China.从前中国有个国王。
4.Then there came a knock at the door.接着听到敲门声。
5.There stands a bottle on the table.桌子上有个瓶子。
[模拟小考场]单项选择。
1.There once an old man in a village by the sea.
A.lived B.stood C.came D.went
2.There doesn't to be too much hope of our team beating theirs.
A.live B.seem C.happen D.think
参考答案:
[考点一]1—3 DAC
[考点二]1.any;no 2.aren't 3.isn't
[考点三]1.How many,are there 2.is there
[考点四]1.Will,be,there will(there won't)
2.Have,been any,there have(there haven't)
3.There were
[考点五]1.may be 2.There must be
[考点六]1.A 2.B