5.关系代词用法中应注意的几个问题
①关系代词who,which,that在定语从句中做主语时不能省略,做宾语时,特别是在口语中可以省略。
I like the story (which)you told us last night.我喜欢你昨晚给我们讲的那个故事。
The magazine (which/that)you lent me is very interesting.你借给我的那本杂志很有趣。
②关系代词whom,which在定语从句中做介词的宾语时,介词可放在whom,which之前,也可以放在定语从句中谓语动词及宾语后面原来的位置上。当关系代词被省略时,介词必须放在定语从句后面。
This is the room in which they lived last year.(=This is the room which they lived in last year.)这是他们去年住的那个房间。
Is this the key which she was looking for?这是她刚才找的那把钥匙吗?
I know the man (whom)you talked to just now.我认识刚才和你说话的那个男人。
需要注意的是,含有介词的短语动词一般不能分开,故介词多不提前。例如:
The children whom the nurses look after are very healthy.阿姨们照料的那些孩子们都很健康。
She was the comrade (whom)I had been waiting for.她就是我一直在等的那位同志。
③关系代词that在定语从句中做介词宾语时,介词不能放在它的前面,只能放在从句中原来的位置上。
This is the room that he lived in last year.这就是他去年住的那个房间。
He is the student that l borrowed the book from.他就是我借书的那个同学。
④关系代词通常紧跟在先行词之后,但有时在先行词与关系代词之间插入其他成分。
He laughs best who laughs last.谁笑在最后,谁笑得最好。(定语从句中的who代替he,在从句中做主语)
There are many thousands of stars in the sky that are like the sun.天空中有成千上万颗像太阳一样的恒星。(先行词是stars,that在定语从句中做主语,in the sky是地点状语)
①关系代词who,which,that在定语从句中做主语时不能省略,做宾语时,特别是在口语中可以省略。
I like the story (which)you told us last night.我喜欢你昨晚给我们讲的那个故事。
The magazine (which/that)you lent me is very interesting.你借给我的那本杂志很有趣。
②关系代词whom,which在定语从句中做介词的宾语时,介词可放在whom,which之前,也可以放在定语从句中谓语动词及宾语后面原来的位置上。当关系代词被省略时,介词必须放在定语从句后面。
This is the room in which they lived last year.(=This is the room which they lived in last year.)这是他们去年住的那个房间。
Is this the key which she was looking for?这是她刚才找的那把钥匙吗?
I know the man (whom)you talked to just now.我认识刚才和你说话的那个男人。
需要注意的是,含有介词的短语动词一般不能分开,故介词多不提前。例如:
The children whom the nurses look after are very healthy.阿姨们照料的那些孩子们都很健康。
She was the comrade (whom)I had been waiting for.她就是我一直在等的那位同志。
③关系代词that在定语从句中做介词宾语时,介词不能放在它的前面,只能放在从句中原来的位置上。
This is the room that he lived in last year.这就是他去年住的那个房间。
He is the student that l borrowed the book from.他就是我借书的那个同学。
④关系代词通常紧跟在先行词之后,但有时在先行词与关系代词之间插入其他成分。
He laughs best who laughs last.谁笑在最后,谁笑得最好。(定语从句中的who代替he,在从句中做主语)
There are many thousands of stars in the sky that are like the sun.天空中有成千上万颗像太阳一样的恒星。(先行词是stars,that在定语从句中做主语,in the sky是地点状语)
