Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Passage 1
Questions I to 5 are based on the following passage:
In order to learn a foreign language well, it is necessary to overcome the fear of making mistakes. If the primary goal of language use is communication, then mistakes are secondary considerations that may be dealt with gradually as awareness of those mistakes increases. On the other hand, students should not ignore their mistakes. The language learner may observe how native speakers express themselves, and how native expressions differ from the way the learner might say them. For example, a Spanish speaker who has been saying “I do it” to express willingness to do something in the immediate future, could, by communicating with native speakers of English, observe that native speakers actually say “I’ll do it”. This difference can serve as a basis for the student to change his way of using the present tense in English. But a student who is unwilling to communicate in the first place would lose this Opportunity to learn by trial and error.
1. According to the passage, the present tense in English is ________
A. basically the same in English as it is in Spanish
B. used with some verbs but not with others to express future intention
C. not used to express a desire to do something in the immediate future
D. not the most difficult problem for foreign students
2. According to the passage, language learners can reduce the number of their mistakes by ________
A. comparing their speech with that of native speakers
B. reading good books in the foreign language
C. asking native speakers for explanations
D. speaking without regard to native speakers
3. According to the passage, foreign language students who do not communicate with native speakers will NOT ________
A. learn very much about the foreign society
B. take advantage of available language
C. have to worry about making mistakes
D. learn about the history of the foreign language
4. According to the passage, foreign language students should not worry too much about making mistakes because ________
A. native speakers like foreign students who try to learn their language
B. everyone makes mistakes when trying to communicate in a strange language
C. native speakers will ignore their mistakes
D. communication is the primary goal of language learning
5. The author’s major conclusion about the function of mistakes in foreign language learning is that _________
A. mistakes are not important in the process of learning a language
B. learners are often very afraid of making mistakes
C. native speakers often do not tell foreign language learners about their mistake
D. making mistakes can help the learner discover the rules of the language
Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:
The Chinese have used a method called acupuncture (针灸) to perform operations for about 4, 000 years without putting the patient to sleep. a involves placing flexible needles into certain parts of the body. The needles are available in a number of stores in China and anyone may buy them.
To learn how to use the needles takes about one month of training. But be skillful requires GREater time. The person who performs the acupuncture knows how to put in the needles so the needles themselves are painful. This person also knows where to place the needles so the patient feels no pain in the area where the operation is to be performed. A particular operation might require 25 or more needles placed in various parts of the body. But now this operation requires only 3 or 4 needles.
Today, the Chinese doctors are trying to learn more about acupuncture. They are trying to develop a convincing theory to explain how the needles work in preventing pain, or why a needle in the wrist, for example, would prevent the pain in the area of the mouth.
A patient who needs an operation is given a choice between having acupuncture or having one of the chemicals used for putting him to sleep. It has been estimated that over half of the patients choose acupuncture because there is no sickness after the operation because the chemical may make the patient sick for a few hours or a day.
6. Acupuncture is _________
A. a medical needle B. a medical operation
C. a medical technique D. a medical machine
7. Which statement is not true of the performer of acupuncture?
A. He knows where to place the needles without pain.
B. He knows where the operation is to be performed.
C. He knows how to use the needles in an operation.
D. He knows how to perform the operation to cure the patient.
8. To learn how to use the needles, it takes a person ________
A. almost one month B. a couple of weeks
C. a life time D. several months
9. It can be learned form the passage that _________
A. the person performing the acupuncture knows a lot about the making of needles
B. acupuncture has existed in China for as long as 2,000 years
C. an operation now needs fewer needles than in the past
D. few patients prefer acupuncture to chemicals
10. Which is implied but not stated in the passage?
A. The Chinese mainly use acupuncture to cure strange disease.
B. Most Chinese patients prefer acupuncture to chemicals in curing diseases.
C. The Chinese have spread acupuncture all over the world.
D. The Chinese are learning to be more skillful and efficient in acupuncture.
