英语中含有“穿、戴”意思或相近意思的词还有fit on, put on, pull on, wear, dress, dress up, have on及be in等。下面着重谈谈这些词语的异同点。
1. try on, fit on指“试穿”。如:
Let me fit the new clothes on you. 让我给你试试这件新衣服。
She is having a new coat fitted on. 她正在试穿一件新衣服。
2. put on是“穿上、戴上”的意思,表示动作,是非延续性动词; pull on 指穿袜子、靴子、裤子等自下而上的“穿上”或“匆忙穿上”。如:
He put on more clothes and his glasses before he left the office. 离开办公室前,他多穿了些衣服,戴上了眼镜。
He pulled on his overcoat and it seemed just to cover him like a blanket. 他匆匆穿上大衣,就好像一条毯子只是把他的身体包住。
注:如果宾语是it或them时,应这样表述:
put it/them on; pull it/them on
3. wear, have on, be in常用来表状态。
wear是“穿着、戴着”的意思,是延续性动词,其一般现在时表示经常状态,现在进行时表示暂时情况。
have on与wear同义,二者可以互换。但要注意have on不用于进行时。如:
He often wears a blue jacket. 他常穿一件蓝夹克衫。
She is wearing a red skirt. 她穿着一件红裙子。(注意这里不可以说:She is having on a red skirt.)
4. dress是“穿上、穿着”的意思,既可表状态,也可表动作。既可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词。作及物动词时,宾语只能是人,而不是衣服,常用被动语态,构成be dressed in短语,表示状态。如:
Wake up the children and dress them. 叫醒孩子,给他们穿上衣服。
She was dressed in white. 她穿了一身白衣服。
He dresses well. 他穿着讲究。
dress up是“打扮、穿上盛装”的意思。如:
She dressed up for the gathering.她穿上盛装去参加聚会。
5. wear除指穿衣、鞋、袜子、戴手套外,还可引申到戴手饰、手表、眼镜、佩剑、戴花、留头发等。如:
He wears a watch while I wear a ring. 他戴着手表,我戴着戒指。
He is a little man who wears a moustache. 他是个小个子,留着胡子。
She wears long hair. 她留着长发。
wear还可表示“带着(某种表情)”。如:
Her face always wears a cheerful smile. 她脸上总是带着愉快的笑容。