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历年四级考试全真题解析(时态、语态)

[日期:2007-04-23]   [字体: ]

1.If it _____  too much trouble I'd love a cup of tea.

   A)isn't

   B)wasn't

   C)weren't

   D)hadn't been

2.We _____   our breakfast when an old man came to the door.

   A)just have had

   B)have just had

   C)just had

   D)had just had

3.I decided to go to the library as soon as I _____  .

   A)finish what I did

   B)would finish what I was doing

   C)finished what I did

   D)finished what I was doing

4.How close parents are to their children _____  a strong influence on the characterof the children.

   A)have

   B)has

   C)having

   D)to have

5.He _____   when the bus came to a sudden stop.

   A)was almost hurt

   B)was to hurt himself

   C)was hurt himself

   D)was hurting himself

6.By the end of this month,we surely _____  a satisfactory solution to the problem.

   A)have found

   B)will be finding

   C)will have found

   D)are finding

7.Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _____   advertisements showing happy,balanced families.

   A)are often seeing

   B)will be finding

   C)will often see

   D)have often seen

8.While people may refer to television for up-to-the-minute news,it is unlikely that television _____  the newspaper completely.

   A)replaced

   B)have replaced

   C)replace

   D)will replace

9.The fifth generation computers,with artificial intelligence, _____  and perfected now .

   A)developed

   B)have developed

   C)are being developed

   D)will have been developed

10.It's reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory _____  by about 10%.

   A)will have risen

   B)has risen

   C)will be rising

   D)has been rising

11.Sir Denis,who is 78,has made it known that much of his collection _____ to the nation.

   A)has left

   B)is to leave

   C)leaves

   D)is to be left

12.Before the first non-stop flight made in 1949,it _____   necessary for all planes to land for refueling.

   A)would be

   B)has been

   C)had been

   D)would have been

13.Until then,his family _____   from him for six months.

   A)didn't hear

   B)hasn't been hearing

   C)hasn't heard

   D)hadn't heard

14.The conference _____   a full week by the time it ends.

   A)must have lasted

   B)will have lasted

   C)would last

   D)has lasted

15.GREat as Newton was,many of his ideas _____  today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.

   A)are to challenge

   B)may be challenged

   C)have been challenged

   D)are challenging

16.I'd rather read than watch television ;the programs seem _____   all the time.

   A)to get worse

   B)to be getting worse

   C)to have got worse

   D)getting worse

17.It seems oil _____   from this pipe for some time.We'll have to take the machine apart to put it right.

   A)had leaked

   B)is leaking

   C)leaked

   D)has been leaking

18.Once environment damage _____ ,it takes many years for the system to recover.

   A)has done

   B)is to be

   C)does

   D)is done

19.Neither of the young men who had applied for a position in the University _____ .

   A)has been accepted

   B)have been accepted

   C)was accepted

   D)were accepted

20.The last half of the nineteenth century _____  the steady improvement in the means of travel.

   A)has witnessed

   B)was witnessed

   C)witnessed

   D)is witnessed

21.If she doesn't tell him the truth now ,he'll simply keep on asking her until she _____   .

   A)does

   B)has done

   C)will do

   D)would do

22.My train arrives in New York at eight o'clock tonight.The plane I would like to take from there _____   by then .

   A)will have left

   B)would leave

   C)had left

   D)has left

23.A thief who broke into a church was caught because traces of wax,found on his clothes, _____  from the sort of candles only found in churches.

   A)had come

   B)coming

   C)come

   D)that come

24. _____  evidence that language acquiring ability must be stimulated.

   A)It being

   B)It is

   C)There is

   D)There being

25.She ought to stop work ;she has a headache because she _____   too long.

   A)has been reading

   B)had read

   C)is reading

   D)read

26.This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsman _____ comfortably.

   A)is worn

   B)wears

   C)wearing

   D)are worn

27.—“May I speak to your manager Mr Williams at five o'clock tonight?”

    —“I'm sorry.Mr Williams _____ to a conference long before then.”

   A)will have gone

   B)had gone

   C)would have gone

   D)has gone

28.The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns,and of training and retraining schemes , _____  more women to take advantage of employment opportunities.

   A)have allowed

   B)allow

   C)allowing

   D)allows

29.By the time he arrives in Beijing,we _____  here for two days.

   A)will have stayed

   B)shall stay

   C)have been staying

   D)have stayed

1.答案:A)。译文:要是不太麻烦的话,我想要一杯茶。I'd是I would的缩写,表示一种委婉客气的语气。本句说话人认为要一杯茶并不是很麻烦的事,只是说得委婉一些,因此不应该用虚拟语气。

2.答案:D)。译文:我们刚吃完早饭,门前就来了一位老人。“have breakfast”这一动作发生在“came”之前,因此要用过去完成时;此外,修饰谓语动词的副词一般置于助动词之后。

3.答案:D)。译文:我决定一做完手头的工作就去图书馆。本题首先要判断的是as soon as引出的时间状语从句中谓语动词的时态。由于主句的谓语动词用的是过去时(decided),在这种情况下,从句通常用一般过去时(finished);由于从句表达的意思是“做完手头正在做的工作”,因此得用what I was doing。

4.答案:B)。译文:父母与其子女亲近的程度对子女的性格有强烈的影响。空格前为一主语从句。从句作主语时,主句的谓语动词要用单数形式。

5.答案:A)。译文:公共汽车突然刹车时,他差一点受伤。表示“受伤”时,常用be hurt的形式。

6.答案:C)。译文:到本月底我们肯定能找到一个满意的解决问题的办法。由by the end of“到……末(为止)”引出的时间状语要求句子的谓语动词用完成时态;根据by the end of this month(到本月底),可知需用将来完成时。

7.答案:C)。译文:你一打开电视机或翻开杂志,常常会看到显示幸福、美满家庭的各种广告。该句句型为“祈使句+ and +陈述句”,该祈使句相当于一个if从句,由此,and后的陈述句一般用将来时态。

8答案:D)。译文:虽然人们可以从电视了解最新消息,但电视不大可能完全取代报纸。“It is likely/unlikely that...”表示“有可能……/不大可能……”。该句型要求that引出的从句谓语动词用一般将来时。

9.答案:C)。译文:具有人工智能的第五代计算机目前正在开发与完善之中。句中的develop和perfect是两个并列的谓语动词。它们都是及物动词,因此要用被动语态;此外,句中时间状语now表示谓语应当是现在进行时。

10.答案:A)。译文:据报告,到本月底该厂的水泥产量将增长约10%。(同第6题)。

11.答案:D)。译文:78岁的丹尼斯爵士已经向众人宣布他的许多收藏品将留给国家。从句中的主语much of his collection与leave是被动关系;be to结构表示将来的安排及命令或规定。

12.答案:C)。译文:在1949年进行直航以前,所有的飞机都必须降落加油。根据时间状语可知:the first non-stop flight发生在 1949年,那么在1949年前,即是“过去的过去”,所以应选择过去完成时。

13.答案:D)。译文:到那时候为止,他家里已经有六个月没有收到他的来信了。根据句首的时间状语until then可知,该句的行为发生在过去;根据“for +时间段”,可知应用完成时。过去完成时可用来表示过去某个时间以前已经发生并在继续发生的事,通常带有一个表示一段时间的状语。

14.答案:B)。译文:会议从开始到结束将持续整整一个星期。by the time...结构表示动作要延续到将来某个时刻,所以主句应选用将来完成时。

15.答案:C)。译文:虽然牛顿是个伟大人物,但他的许多见解今天受到了挑战,并且为现代科学家的工作所修正。challenge是及物动词,根据其与主语的关系,应用被动结构;此外,由于动作延续到今天,所以要用现在完成时。

16.答案:B)。译文:我宁愿看书也不愿看电视,电视节目好像越来越差了。动词 seem后面通常跟不定式作宾语,表示“似乎是,看似,仿佛”;根据时间状语all the time,应选择进行时。动词的现在进行时也可以表示动作不断地进行。

17.答案:D)。译文:看来,这个管道漏

油已有一段时间了,我们将不得不拆卸机器以排除故障。根据句中的时间状语for some time“……已有一段时间了”,空格中的时态有两种选择:现在完成时与现在完成进行时;“have /has been doing”表示动作从过去某一时间开始,一直延续到现在,可能还要继续下去,它通常与表示一段时间的状语连用。

18.答案:D)。译文:环境一旦遭到破坏,需要很多年时间才能恢复过来。该句讲的是一般真理,应用一般现在时;“do”在该句中意为“造成”,作及物动词,根据其与主语envi- ronment的关系,应用被动语态。

19.答案:C)。译文:这两个到大学求职的年轻人都没被录取。neither(两者都不)后面的谓语动词用单数。由于定语从句使用的是过去完成时且发生在主句的动作之前,所以主句应用过去时。

20.答案:C)。译文:19世纪后半叶见证了交通手段的稳步改进。根据主语“the last half of the nineteenth century”表明的时间,谓语动词应用过去时;句中的空格后有宾语,所以不能用被动语态。

21.答案:A)。译文:如果她现在不告诉他真相,他会不停地追问直到她告诉他为止。在诸如由as soon as,once,until,when引导的时间状语从句及as long as,if,unless引导的条件状语从句中,若主句用将来时态,从句则用一般现在时表示将来时。

22.答案:A)。译文:我乘坐的火车将于今晚8点钟到达纽约。到那时我准备搭乘的班机已经飞走了。根据句中的时间状语by then(=by eight o'clock tonight),句子应选用将来完成时。

23.答案:A)。译文:进入教堂的小偷被抓住了,因为在他衣服上发现的蜡迹来自教堂专用的蜡烛。空格中的部分应作原因状语从句的谓语,因此可以排除B)和D);come这一动作发生在found之前,所以要用过去完成时。

24.答案:C)。译文:有证据表明:语言学习的能力必须被激发。若选A)、D)两项,句子缺少谓语,也就不能算是完整的句子;that从句是evidence的同位语从句,同位语从句对与它有同位关系的名词作进一步解释或补充说明;此外,若选B),主句缺乏实际意义。

25.答案:A)。译文:她应当停止工作,由于长时间持续阅读,她头都痛了。根据句意,主语“she”从过去到现在一直在工作(所以应当停下来),应选用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。“have /has been doing”表示动作从过去某一时间开始,一直延续到现在,可能还要继续下去,它通常与表示一段时间的状语连用。

26.答案:B)。译文:这种由熟练工人制作的眼镜戴起来舒服极了。该句考查动词 wear的特殊用法,当用来表达一般的事实、特点时,需用一般现在时的主动语态。类似的动词还有feel。

27.答案:A)。译文:——我能在今晚5点钟和你们的经理Williams先生谈谈吗?——很抱歉。Williams先生将在那以前去开会。本句中的时间状语before then相当于by then的用法。句子应选用将来完成时。

28.答案:D)。译文:有弹性的兼职工作方式以及培训与再培训计划的推广,使得越来越多的妇女能利用就业的机会。本句的主语是“the growth of part-time and flexible working patterns,and of training and retraining schemes”,尽管of短语连接了两部分的所属关系,但是中心词growth是抽象名词,仍表示单数的概念,所以谓语动词用单数形式。

29.答案:A)。译文:他到达北京时我们将已经在这儿呆两天了。by thetime...结构表示动作要延续到将来某个时刻,所以主句应选用将来完成时。

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