在平时的教学中,训练最多的,学生们也最习惯的是五种基本句型:①主语+谓语;②主语+谓语+宾语;③主语+谓语+间接宾语;④主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语;⑤主语+谓语+宾语+补足语。用这些句型组织的句子单一、无生气,不能给人一种含金量高的审美享受。客观形势对我们提出了高难度的要求,我们怎样才能对书面表达进行科学的操作?怎样才能控制写作呢?本文拟就这一课题进行讨论,希望能给学生以启迪,调动积极性,开拓思维,培养创新精神。
首先,在整篇文章中,避免只使用一两个句型,要灵活运用各种语法结构,使文章有声有色。
一、改变时态
例:The bell is ringing now.(一般)
There goes the bell! (高级)
二、改变语态
例:People suggest that the conference be put off.(一般)
It is suggested that the conference be put off. (高级)
三、使用不定式
例:He is so kind that he can help me.(一般)
He is so kind as to help me.(高级)
四、使用过去分词
例:①She walked out of the lab and many students followed her.(一般)
Followed by many students, she walked out of the lab.(高级)
②Once it is seen, it can never be forgotten.(一般)
Once seen, it can never be forgotten.(高级)
五、使用V-ing形式
例:①When he arrives, please give me an e-mail.(一般)
On arriving/his arrival, please give me an e-mail.(高级)
②If the weather permits, I'll come tomorrow.(一般)
I'll come tomorrow, weather permitting.(高级)
六、使用名词性从句
例:①It disappointed everybody that he didn't turn up.(一般)
The fact that he didn't turn up disappointed everybody.(高级)
②I happened to have met him.(一般)
It happened that I had met him.(高级)
③To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.(一般)
What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.(高级)
七、使用定语从句
例:The girl is spoken highly of. Her composition was well written.(一般)
The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of.(高级)
八、使用状语从句
例:①I won't believe what he says.(一般)
No matter what he says, I won't believe.(高级)
②If you come back before six o'clock, you can go out.(一般)
You can go out on condition that(provided that) you come back before six o'clock.(高级)
③If she doesn't aGREe, what shall we do?(一般)
Supposing that she doesn't aGREe, what shall we do?(高级)
九、使用虚拟语气
