编者按:在初一、初二英语教学中,听、说占有相当大的比重。由于口试的不易操作性,把对“说”的考查“移植”到听力测试中是当今英语命题的一大趋向。对话理解就是这其中最重要的题型。这次,就让我们走近对话理解题型!
同学们,英语是一门语言,是人们相互交流、沟通的桥梁和纽带。英语中的日常交流用语和一些功能项目就是我们交流、沟通的载体。对话理解就是集考查听力理解与口语项目于一体的一种听力题型。现在,就让我们走近对话理解,感受这一题型。
一、题型展示
对话理解的常见题型有如下几种:
1.听问句,选择正确答语
2.听简短对话,回答一个问题
3.听较长对话,回答多个问题
4.听对话,填入所缺的单词
5.听对话,选择适当的图画
相关链接:纵观近年来全国各省市的中考英语听力命题,都把对话理解当作重要题型。命题的特点是注重考查日常交流用语简表所列的项目和话题,主要包括问候、介绍、问路、购物、看病、就餐、打电话、借物、谈论兴趣爱好、天气、节假日等。其中,对购物、问路的考查为最多。
二、解题技巧
A.听问句,选择正确答语
解题思路:提前预习所给选项,预测所听问题。如答语以Ye s /No开头,问题肯定是一般疑问句。另外,在听问题时,要注意抓住关键信息词,特别是句首单词,避免答非所问。
经典例题1:A.He is very good.B.Very well.C.Next year.D.Twenty[2002年河北省]
听力原文及答案:Que stion: How old is Thomas?
提示:由how old我们可以断定是询问年龄,故答案选D。
B.听简短对话,回答一个问题
解题思路:预习选项,并据此确定听音重点。
经典例题2:A.The blue one. B.The red one.C.The GREen one
听力原文及答案:
Woman:Which sweater do you like,the blue one or the red one?
Man:The red one,please.
Question:Which sweater does the man like ?[2002年济南市]
提示:由选项可知询问颜色,根据the man的回答,不难断定答案为B。
特别注意:该题的问题一般不给出,因此,在听明白对话内容的同时,一定要听清楚问题,切忌凭想当然作答。
C.听较长对话,回答多个问题
解题思路:该题的问题一般都给出,建议同学们在听对话之前对问题和所给选项认真分析,了解对话可能涉及的信息,然后在听的同时核实答案。
经典例题3:
1.Why does Henry borrow a book about the earth?
A.He will give a talk about the earth.
B.He is interested in it.
C.He borrows it for his friend.
2.How many books can Henry borrow at a time?
A.One.
B.Two.
C.Three.
3.What kind of books is Henry interested in?
A.Science books.
B.Sports books.
C.History books.
4.When isn't the library open?
A.On Tuesday.
B.On Wednesday.
C.On Thursday.
听力原文及答案:
Boy:Excuse me,Miss White.Are there any books about the earth?
Woman:Yes,here you are.
Boy:Thanks.
Woman:Are you interested in science, Henry?
Boy:No,my teacher asks me to give a talk about it.
Woman:Oh,I see.
Boy:How many books can I borrow at a time ?
Woman:Two.
Boy:Good!Can I have a look at the books about history?I love them very much.
Woman:Sure.They are on that shelf over there.
Boy:I'd like this one about the world history.And I will return them next Wednesday afternoon.
Woman:Oh,our library is open every day except(除……之外)Wednesday.No hurry.Please take your time.You may keep them for two weeks.[2002年江西省]
提示:听第一遍时,要把重点放到听取对话大意和选出简单题目的答案上。由于对话较长,问题较多,听一遍不容易确定所有的答案。提醒大家在听第二遍时,听的重点是第一遍未听出的选项。[KEY:1.A.2.B3.C4.B]
D.听对话,填入所缺的单词或听对话,选择适当的图画。
最后,提醒同学们在了解对话理解题型解题技巧的同时,要熟悉学过的口语项目,掌握各项目的一些习惯表达方式,如打电话用语、问路指路用语、购物用语等。这是解答对话理解题型的基础。