1. She succeeded in taking a first-class deGREe in physics two years after arriving in Paris.(L.2)
succeed 作“成功”解时,后常接“in+名词”或-ing形式。其形容词successful后也常接in引起的短语。如:
They succeeded in collecting a lot of money for medical equipment.
他们设法为购买医疗设备筹集了一些资金。
She was successful in the entrance examination.
她入学考试通过了。
He was successful in finding a good job.
他顺利地找到了一份好工作。
2. At that time women were not admitted to universities in Poland. (L.2)
句中 be admitted to意为“(某人)被接受(入院或入学)”。另外,admit意为“承认”时,后常可接名词、代词、-ing形式短语或that从句作宾语。如:
He was lucky to be admitted to Peking University, where many top students in China are studying.
他幸运地被北京大学录取。中国许多优秀的学生都在那儿学习。
She admitted having stolen that car.
她招认偷了那辆汽车。
3. ...which he named “polonium” in honour of her motherland ? Poland, and on which she wrote a research paper. (L.2)
句中in honour of意为“为向……表示敬意;为了纪念……”。如:
[高考示例] Washington, a state in the United States, was named _____ one of the greatest American presidents.
(上海1999)
A. in honor of B. instead of
C. in favor of D. by means of (Key:A)
4. It looked like ordinary salt, but was one million times more radioactive than uranium.(L.2)
times 是名词,在这里表示倍数,下面是四种常见的倍数表达法:
(1) A + be +倍数+ as +形容词原级+ as + B
Asia is four times as large as Europe.
亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。
(2) A + be +倍数+形容词比较级+ than + B
Asia is three times larger than Europe.
亚洲的面积比欧洲大三倍。
(3) A + be +倍数+the size/length/height/depth/width +of + B
Asia is four times the size of Europe.
亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。
(4) The size/length/height/depth/width + of + A + be +倍数+that of+B
The size of Asia is four times that of Europe.
亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。
用 time 表示倍数时,一般只限于指三倍或三倍以上的数;若表示两倍可用副词 twice 或形容词 double。如: Ten is double five. 十是五的二倍。
5. Today she is remembered and admired as a scientist. (L.3)
句中 admire意为“钦佩;赞赏;羡慕”,常见的用法为admire sb./sth. for sth.。如:
Generally speaking, all of us respect our parents, but not all admire them.
一般来说,我们所有的人都尊敬父母,但并非都钦佩他们。
I admire him for his success in business.
我佩服他事业有成。
6. The men often fall ill and suffer fever. (L.5)
短语fall ill中fall为非延续性动词,不能与表示一段时间的短语连用。如表达“病了多长时间”应用be ill。如:
- How long has he been ill？
他病了多长时间了?
- About a week. He fell ill five days ago.
大约一个星期了。他五天前病的。
7. They usually go bad as soon as we are at sea.(L.5)
as soon as在此引导时间状语从句,意为“一……就……”。类似的结构还有:the moment/the minute/directly 等。如:
I want to see him the minute (that) he arrives.
他一来,我就要见他。
Directly the headmaster came in, everyone was quiet.
校长一进来,大家都安静下来。
[高考示例]- Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?
-Yes. I gave it to her _____ I saw her.
(北京2001春)
A. while B. the moment
C. suddenly D. once (Key:B)
8. It was just over 32 metres in length. (L.6)
表示物体的长、宽、高、深,可以用形容词(long, wide, high, deep...)来表示,也可以用介词in +名词(length, width, height, depth...)来表示。如:
The cave is 3 metres high, 4 metres long and 2 metres wide.
= The cave is 3 metres in height, 4 metres in length and 2 metres in width. 这个洞长4米、宽2米、高3米。
9. As well as the normal supplies of salted meat, cheese, plain biscuits and beer, he took live sheep, pigs and chickens.(L.5)
并列连词as well as是“除……以外”,“不但……而且……”的意思,用来连接两个相同的成分,其强调的重点是as well as前面的部分,而不是后面的部分。如:
We have to travel by night as well as by day.(强调的是by night)
上面这句话也可写成:We have to travel not only by day but also by night.并列连词“not only...but also...”与as well as意思相同,但“not only...but also...”强调的是后者。
注意:当as well as连接两个并列主语时,句中的谓语动词应和as well as前面的主语一致。如:
He,as well as I,is a League member.
他和我一样是一名共青团员。
10. The navy was planning an expedition to the South Pacific Ocean with the purpose of watching a very unusual event. (L.6)
He therefore loaded the ship with liters of vinegar for the purpose of cleaning the inside of the ship. (L.6)
with the purpose of在句中作伴随状语,意为“有……的目的”。for...purpose/for the purpose of意为“为了……的目的”。如:
He went to town with the purpose of selling one of his paintings.
他进城是为了卖他的一幅画。
Did you come to London for the purpose of seeing your family, or for business purposes?
你来伦敦是为了看你的家人还是为了生意上的事？
11. Cook was to be in charge of this expedition as
captain of the ship Endeavour. (L.6)
句中in charge of意为“负责……,主管……”。注意与in the charge of/in one’s charge的不同,其意为“由……主管”。
[高考示例]- Who told you about Dad’s illness？
-The doctor in _______ .
(上海2002)
A. connection B. turn
C. public D. charge(Key:D)
12. But Cook ordered the crew to throw over the side of the ship guns, iron balls, pots and chains and even stores to raise the boat in the water.
(L.7)
句中raise意为“使升高”,为及物动词。注意rise与其同义,但为不及物动词。如:
In summer, the temperature sometimes rises as high as 39°C.
在夏天,气温有时高达39°C。
注意:raise还可意为“增加(价格、薪水、声望等)”。
My salary was raised two months ago.
两个月前,我的薪水调升了。
